It also determined that a complaining Member establishes a prima facie case by establishing that the technical regulation allows less than six months between publication and effective date
Oncken C, Prestwood K, Cooney JL, Unson C, Fall P, Kulldorff M et al (2002)
26.4 The Company reserves the right to charging bidders for the telephone bidding service, on a per Lot basis, specifically but not limited situation when a Lot sells below an advertised reserve and the telephone bidder has failed to make a reasonable bid
no one can know, though
The MR approach infers causal relationships between exposures and outcomes, overcoming the limitations of observational studies, founded on three core assumptions: strong association between instrumental variables and the exposure, no association between instrumental variables and confounding factors, and instrumental variables influencing the outcome solely through their association with the exposure